Filter



(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 1. J'. DAVIS. f

FILTER.

Patented May 7 lIl N. PETERS. Phommnamplmr. wasningmm u. c.

, 4A Sheets-Sheet 2. J. DAVIS.

FILTER.

(No Model.)

Patented May 7 (Numan.) 'Y 4 sheetssheen s.

` J. DAVIS.

FILTER.

No. 402,656. Patented May '1, 1889.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4. J. DAVIS..

(No Model.)

FILTER.

I' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN nAVis, oF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

FILTER.

smicIntention forming part of Letters Patent 110,402,656, dated May r, ieee.

Application filed July 30, 1887.'`

and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertainsto make and use the same.

This invention relates to filters, and has for its object certain improvements on the filter shown in my application for a patent, Serial No. 220,215, as will be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figure lrepresents a vertical section on line y 'y of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the receiving-chamber with the supply-pipe shown in section. Figg is an enlarged vertical section,showing the valve for controllingr the supply of chemicals. Fig. 4 is an enlargedplan view, partly in section, showing the ejector in the circulatingrpipe. Fig. -is a Vertical section of the valve controlling the supply of water to the iilter-bed. Fig. 6 is an inverted plan View of the same; Fig. 7, apvertical section of a modi- Ved construction. Fig. S is a plan of a bat- 'tery of Iilters connected and a sand-washing vessel in section, and Fig. 9 is a plan of a modiiiedconstruction of the 1bottom for the filtering material t0 rest upon.

Reference being' had to the drawings and the letters marked thereon, A represents the filter as a whole, which is formed in two detachablel sections, B C, and a base,D, secured together by rods a in any suitable or required number. The upper sect ion,l37 is designed to contain vsand or other suitable iltering material, and is provided with a removable top, b, a bottom, c, and an interposed bottom or diaphragm, d, of fine-mesh wire, upon which the body of sand rests. The Wire bottom, d, is supportedup'on suitable metallic bars, e, and between it andthe bottom c is the supply-pipe f to the lter-chamber for washing the filter-bed and the dischargeepipe g, both of which have their ends protected by wire-gauze caps h t. The discharge-pipe g extends to the upper end of the filter-chamber, Where it is provided with an opening, j, also protected by wire- Serial No. 245,716. (No model.)

The discharge of the filtered and the dirty Watelg'which passes through the filter-bed in filtering and cleansing the filter, is controlled by a three-way cock, k.

The pipe g maybe led-through section B at 6o any point below that shown. For supplying water for iltering through the filter-bed a pipe, Z, extends up through the filter-chamber and terminates in a' gauze-protected end, m, and discharges water above the surface of the filter-bed. (Not shown.) The water for supplying the `filter-chamber, whether for filtering purposes or for Washing the filter-bed, 'is `controlled by a valve, n, having two ports, 0 p, for registering with the pipes f and Z, and is operated by a rod, q, which projects through the cover b of section B. The construction of the valve n is clearly shown in thev enlarged views in Figs. 5 and 6. The filter-chamber is also provided with an agitator, E, the shaft r of which rests upon and projects through the bottom c of the filterchamber, and extends through and secures the'diaphragm s in position by means of the nut t, while the opposite end of the shaft pro- 8o ery ofthe disk o and the annular inclined 9o wall of the section B, making awatertight joint, where it is secured by the nut, t, on the end of the shaft, r, of the agitator, and forms a chamber, y', between it and the bottom, c,

of the lter-chamber, for containing strained Water to be supplied'to the filter-chamber either for ltering or Washing the lter-bed.VV

The lower or asbestus-cloth side of the diaphragm s is cleaned or the accumulated sediment removed byv a rod, e, in the nut t by the movement of the agitator.

ln small filterssuch as for household usethe Viilter-bed may be cleansed by 'agitation and forcing Water upward through it under IOO the pressure of the city or town water system; but for large filters-such as for supplying cities, towns, or manufactories--the filter-bed can be more thoroughly cleansed by transferring the sand or filtering material from 011e filter-chamber to another, or into a washer, from which it is again transferred to the filter. To accomplish this, I provide a pipe, a', which may be of any suitable fiexible material, and which extends near the bottom of the filterchamber, and is supported by an arm, b', attached to the shaft r of the agitator, and is controlled by a valve, c.

lVhen the filter-bed is to be transferred from one filter-chamber into another, or into a separate washer, the water for cleansing and raising the filter-bed is admitted at the bottom of the filter-chamber through pipe f, instead of on top of the bed through pipe I, when, by agitation of the bed and the force of the water, the bed is raised and transferred from one filter into another, or into a separate washer by the side of the filter, the dirty waterbeing permitted to fiow off through a suitable valvesuch as passage j and valve k-or through avalve, (not shown,) which may be connected lower down with the outlet-pipe g. Vhile the filter-bed is being transferred the fiexible pipe a is moved or swung about the filter-chamber by the oscillations of the agitator E and the arm b', and thereby assumes v different positions in the are of a circle and Collects the filtering material at different points in the chamber.

The lower section, C, of the filter is provided with a fiange, d', and a seat, c, having a packing-ring, f, upon which the lower end of the section B rests and forms a watertight joint, and within said section is a receiving-chamber, g', a sediment-chamber, 7L', a chemical-chamber, i', and a circulatingpipe, 7c', all of which are fully described in my application, Serial No. 220,215. The water from the receiving-chamber enters the chemical-chamber -through an aperture, Z', and the chemicals are delivered into the circulating-pipe k through a pipe, on', which is provided with a valve, n', to regulate the quantity of chemical solution supplied. The valve a consists of a body, o', which is provided with a conical seat, p', and two ports or passages, q 7", in different vertical planes, a screw-threaded conical plug, s', and an operating-disk, f.

Upon t-he outer surface of the disk t is sccured a circular leaf-spri11g,zl., which supports a stud or pin, fr', which projects through the disk. t and enters apertures zu in the outer end of the body o. By this construction the valve may be set to graduate the 'flow of chemicals to any desired amount without danger of the valve moving and changing the flow.

To set the valve, the pin fr" is withdrawn from the aperture w', in which it is seated, the plug s' screwed back from its seat until the pin registers with another aperture, when the spring u will automatically force the pin into said aperture and lock the valve. The chemicals are raised by the combined action of three forces: first, by the pressure of the column of water in the receiving-chamber; second, by thev velocity of the column of water in the circulating-pipe; and, third, by the vacuum formed by an ejector in the circulating-pipe.

By reference to Figs. 2 and 4 it will be observed that the supply-pipe a and the valve b are of greater cross-sectional area than the circulating-pipe k', and as a consequence the velocity of the column of water is increased,-

and in the circulating pipe is formed an ejector, c, of any approved form, by which a partial vacuum is formed in the circulatingpipe. Fig. 2 also shows the outlet of the branch d of the supply-pipe of greater cross-sectional area than the area of the circulating-pipe 7c', for the purpose of admitting water to thel filter in greater quantity for cleansing purposes.

All the water which enters the receivingchamber, whether for filtering or cleansing purposes, passes through the asbestus cloth w, where it is deprived of all its coarser impurities and only the finer particles of impure matter pass up into the filter-bed, where they are arrested. y

By removing the major portion of the impurities from the water used for cleansing the filter-bed it can be effected more rapidly and thoroughly than can be done by the use of water containing all of its impurities. The sediment is withdrawn from the chamber h through an opening, c, and a suitable stopcock, and the chemicals, whether in solid or liquid form, are supplied to the chamber z" through an opening, f provided with a re movable cover, g.

In the application of my filtering system to water-supplies to cities or towns the filters are grouped together, as shown in Fig. 8, and each filter is provided with a suitable water sup ply and discharge pipe, a sediment-discharge pipe, and all of the filters are connected by transfer-pipes 71., for transferring the filterbed from one filter to another in succession throughout the system for cleansing it; or a washer, F, may be provided and connected to each of the filters by a pipe, i, by which the filter-bed may be transferred to the washer as a means of oleansingit by the attrition of the filtering material on itself, and then returned to the filter from which it came by means in the washer similar to those in the filter, whereby it was transferred into the washer.

In Figs. l and 9 I have shown the bottom CZ made of a coil of wire, insteadof woven wire, as in Fig. 7. In this construction the Wire is from one-eighth to one-fourth of an inch in diameter, is closely coiled and supported upon metallic bars e, as in. the other construction, and forms a more durable bottom than the woven wire.

In my application, Serial No. 291,377, I have foo IIO

claimed a coagulating and precipitating chamber, a chemical-chamber, and suitable connections for supplyingV and charging water with chemicals and for discharging purified water.V

Having4 thus fully described my invention, what I claim isn l. In a-iilter, the combination of a supplypipe, a receiving and precipitating chamber, a iilter-chamber, an interposed straining-diaphragm, a chamber between the diaphragm and the bottom of the filter-bed, pipes com" municating with the chamber above the dia. phragm, the filterchamber'above and below thei'ilter-bed, and an agitator, substantially as described.

2. In a iilter, the combination of a supplypipe, a receiving andlprecipitating chamber, a filter-chamber, an interposed straining-diaphragm, a chamber.l between the filter-bed and the bottom of the lter-chamber, pipes communicating with the intermediate chamber and discharging vabove and below the lterbed, la pipe for drawing off liquid above and below said bed7 valves for'controlling each of said pipes, and an agitator, substantially as described.

3. -In'a filter, the combination of a supplypipe having a valve and vprovided with distributing-branches, a receiving and precipitating chamber, a chamber for containing chemicals, a circulating-pipe of smaller area than the supply-pipe and communicating with the chemicalchamber and one of said branches, a filter-chamber, a chamber between the receiving-chamber and the filter-bed, pipes for supplying and drawing liquid from the lterchamber, and an agitator, substantially as described.

4. A filter composed of an upper and a lower detachabley section, the lower section being provided with a receiving and a precipitating chamber, a chemical-chamber, and a circulating-pipe communicating with the chemicalchamber, the upper section having a iilterchamber provided with a foraminous diaphragm supporting the filter-bed, a supplypipe extending above the lter-bed, an inlet and a discharge pipe under said diaphragm, and a`waste-water discharge above the filterbed7 in combination with an agitator, substan- Mtially as described.

5. In a filter, the combination of a lterchamber, a water-supply pipe, an agitator, and a iiexible transfer-pipe connected to an arm on the agitator, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN DAVIS. 

